Comparison of Different Ketofol Procedural Sedation and Analgesic Doses during Orthopedic Procedures in Patients Referred to the Emergency Department
Authors: Saeed Abbasi , Kourosh Javdani Esfehani , Majid Ghodsipoor , Davood Farsi , Mahdi Rezai , Peyman Hafezimoghadam , Mani Mofidi , Nazanin Alaei Faradonbeh
Abstract
Background: Orthopedic procedures are one of the most common medical procedures in the Emergency Department (ED) and are also among the most painful procedures performed on the conscious patient. This study aimed to compare different doses of ketofol in procedural sedation and analgesia in patients referred to the EDs. Methods: In this double-blinded clinical trial, 296 patients aged 18 years or over presented with the need for orthopedic procedures in the three academic EDs in 2020 were studied. After completing the written consent, the patients were randomly assigned to four treatment groups. Demographic information, underlying diseases, patients' physical condition, type of orthopedic injuries requiring intervention, and patients' vital signs were recorded in a checklist for each patient. Results: In this study, the mean age, gender, level of education, addiction, patients' physical condition, type of procedures performed, apnea, hypoventilation, bradycardia, hypotension, and agitation in all four treatment groups were not statistically different, but hallucination and hypoxia in group C (1: 3) were much less than other groups; thus, oxygen administration was more common in other groups. Conclusion: By testing different doses of ketamine, we concluded that doses of 1 mg and 0.5 mg were associated with more side effects. A dose of 0.33 mg of ketamine has fewer side effects while causing analgesia and sedation as in the above doses. A dose of 0.25 mg of ketamine increases the likelihood of requiring subsequent doses. Therefore, it seems that 0.33 mg of ketamine is the best dose of choice.Keywords: Orthopedic procedures, Ketofol, Procedural Sedation and Analgesia, Pain intensity
Pubmed Style
Saeed Abbasi, Kourosh Javdani Esfehani, Majid Ghodsipoor, Davood Farsi, Mahdi Rezai, Peyman Hafezimoghadam, Mani Mofidi, Nazanin Alaei Faradonbeh. Comparison of Different Ketofol Procedural Sedation and Analgesic Doses during Orthopedic Procedures in Patients Referred to the Emergency Department. SJE Med. 2024; 02 (November 2024): S36-S36. doi:10.24911/SJEMed.72-1709967567
Publication History
Received: March 09, 2024
Accepted: March 13, 2024
Published: November 02, 2024
Authors
Saeed Abbasi
Associate Professor, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Kourosh Javdani Esfehani
Iranian Hospital Dubai, UAE
Majid Ghodsipoor
Emergency Medicine Specialist, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Davood Farsi
Professor of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Mahdi Rezai
Associate Professor, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Peyman Hafezimoghadam
Asscociate Professor, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Mani Mofidi
Professor of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Nazanin Alaei Faradonbeh
Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences