Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021

Nawfal Aljerian; Mohammed Arafat; Abdulrahman Aldhubaib; Ibrahim Almohaimeed; Ali Alsultan; Abdulaziz Alhosaini; Lyla Ashry; Ahmed Alkhars; Enan Alsharif; Fahad Aljabir; Mohammed Alsharef; Reem Almutairi; Sawsan Alharthi

doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

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Original Article

SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062

doi: 10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021

Nawfal Aljerian, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, Sawsan Alharthi.

Abstract
Background: Although many studies highlighted the clinical features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), still the clinical profile and associated factors of critically ill patients is limited. Thus, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19-infected patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICU) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods: This study was a retrospective noninterventional chart review. Charts and data of all COVID-19-infected patients who required admission to ICU in KSA between August 2020 and April 2021 were obtained from the National Health Observatory Portal of ICU Bed Management System, KSA.
Results: A total of 9,111 patients were included with a mean age of 59.26 ± 16.08. Nearly half of them (N = 4,706, 51.7%) had diabetes and 47.1% had hypertension. Totally 3,114 (34.2%) patients received invasive ventilation. Among the studied patients, 81 (0.9%) received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, while 415 (4.6%) required hemodialysis in the ICU. As for the length of stay (LOS) in the ICU, the mean LOS in days was 11.73 ± 13.36. Having at least one comorbidity (p = <0.001) was seen to be significantly associated with a longer LOS in the ICU. Older age and female gender were significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.001). Mortality incidence was 35.1% (N = 3,197).
Conclusion: National Health Observatory Portal analysis revealed that most patients required noninvasive mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was high, particularly among older individuals with preexisting comorbidities.

Key words: Keywords: coronavirus disease 19; SARS-CoV-2; ICU; comorbidities; intensive care; mortality.

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Web Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. https://sjemed.com/?mno=107622 [Access: October 02, 2023]. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. (2022), [cited October 02, 2023]; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Harvard Style

Aljerian, N., Arafat, . M., Aldhubaib, . A., Almohaimeed, . I., Alsultan, . A., Alhosaini, . A., Ashry, . L., Alkhars, . A., Alsharif, . E., Aljabir, . F., Alsharef, . M., Almutairi, . R. & Alharthi, . S. (2022) Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Turabian Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. 2022. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Chicago Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. "Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021." Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine 3 (2022), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. "Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021." Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine 3.1 (2022), 054-062. Print. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Aljerian, N., Arafat, . M., Aldhubaib, . A., Almohaimeed, . I., Alsultan, . A., Alhosaini, . A., Ashry, . L., Alkhars, . A., Alsharif, . E., Aljabir, . F., Alsharef, . M., Almutairi, . R. & Alharthi, . S. (2022) Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

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About Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine is an international, peer-reviewed publication. The journal is available free online at https://sjemed.com/. ... Read more. For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.	Contact Information Waraqa Scientific Publishing House, Saudi Arabia. Prince Mohamed Ben Saad Road, Building #6427, First floor, office # 1&2, Al Malqa Neighborhood, P.O.Box 3254, post code:13524. Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia https://waraqa.sa/ Editorial Office Email: contact@sjemed.com Editor in Chief Email: eic@sjemed.com Contact the Publisher: Discover STM Publishing Ltd. 82 Leslie's Arch, Old Quarter, Ballincollig, Cork, P31 RY62, Ireland. https://discoverpublish.com/ Email: contact@discoverpublish.com