Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Original Article
SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021

Authors: Nawfal Aljerian, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, Sawsan Alharthi.

View PDF HTML Fulltext DOI: 10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168

Abstract

Background: Although many studies highlighted the clinical features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), still the clinical profile and associated factors of critically ill patients is limited. Thus, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19-infected patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICU) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: This study was a retrospective noninterventional chart review. Charts and data of all COVID-19-infected patients who required admission to ICU in KSA between August 2020 and April 2021 were obtained from the National Health Observatory Portal of ICU Bed Management System, KSA. Results: A total of 9,111 patients were included with a mean age of 59.26 ± 16.08. Nearly half of them (N = 4,706, 51.7%) had diabetes and 47.1% had hypertension. Totally 3,114 (34.2%) patients received invasive ventilation. Among the studied patients, 81 (0.9%) received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, while 415 (4.6%) required hemodialysis in the ICU. As for the length of stay (LOS) in the ICU, the mean LOS in days was 11.73 ± 13.36. Having at least one comorbidity (p = <0.001) was seen to be significantly associated with a longer LOS in the ICU. Older age and female gender were significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.001). Mortality incidence was 35.1% (N = 3,197). Conclusion: National Health Observatory Portal analysis revealed that most patients required noninvasive mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was high, particularly among older individuals with preexisting comorbidities.

Keywords:   Keywords: coronavirus disease 19; SARS-CoV-2; ICU; comorbidities; intensive care; mortality.


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Open access Creative Commons License
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021


Authors
Nawfal Aljerian
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed Arafat
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdulrahman Aldhubaib
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ibrahim Almohaimeed
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ali Alsultan
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdulaziz Alhosaini
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Lyla Ashry
Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed Alkhars
Al-Jabr Eye and ENT Hospital, Al Hufuf and Al Mubarraz, Saudi Arabia
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Enan Alsharif
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Fahad Aljabir
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed Alsharef
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Reem Almutairi
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sawsan Alharthi
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Correspondence to:
. Ministry of Health Medical Referrals Center, ITCC Compound, An Nakheel, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; HOSAINI1990@GMAIL.COM

Publication history
Received 07 Aug 2021
Revised 12 Oct 2021
Accepted 13 Jan 2022
Published online 09 Feb 2022
Published in print 07 Mar 2022

How to cite this article

Pubmed Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


Web Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. https://www.sjemed.com/?mno=107622 [Access: March 28, 2023]. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. 2022; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Aljerian N, Arafat M, Aldhubaib A, Almohaimeed I, Alsultan A, Alhosaini A, Ashry L, Alkhars A, Alsharif E, Aljabir F, Alsharef M, Almutairi R, Alharthi S. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed. (2022), [cited March 28, 2023]; 3(1): 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


Harvard Style

Aljerian, N., Arafat, . M., Aldhubaib, . A., Almohaimeed, . I., Alsultan, . A., Alhosaini, . A., Ashry, . L., Alkhars, . A., Alsharif, . E., Aljabir, . F., Alsharef, . M., Almutairi, . R. & Alharthi, . S. (2022) Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. SJEMed, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


Turabian Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. 2022. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


Chicago Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. "Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021." Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine 3 (2022), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Aljerian, Nawfal, Mohammed Arafat, Abdulrahman Aldhubaib, Ibrahim Almohaimeed, Ali Alsultan, Abdulaziz Alhosaini, Lyla Ashry, Ahmed Alkhars, Enan Alsharif, Fahad Aljabir, Mohammed Alsharef, Reem Almutairi, and Sawsan Alharthi. "Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021." Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine 3.1 (2022), 054-062. Print. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Aljerian, N., Arafat, . M., Aldhubaib, . A., Almohaimeed, . I., Alsultan, . A., Alhosaini, . A., Ashry, . L., Alkhars, . A., Alsharif, . E., Aljabir, . F., Alsharef, . M., Almutairi, . R. & Alharthi, . S. (2022) Characteristics and clinical outcomes of ICU COVID-19-infected patients, Saudi Arabia, 2021. Saudi Journal of Emergency Medicine, 3 (1), 054-062. doi:10.24911/SJEMed/72-1628358168


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